Zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zopezeka m'nthaka (rare earth) zimathandiza kwambiri pakupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangira zinthu zitatu, zomwe ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera mpweya woipa m'magalimoto. Zinthu zimenezi zimapangidwa kuti zichepetse mpweya woipa wochokera ku injini zoyaka mkati, makamaka za nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, ndi hydrocarbons. Kuphatikizidwa kwa zinthu zachilengedwe zopezeka m'nthaka mu zinthu zachilengedwe zopezeka m'nthaka kwawonjezera kwambiri magwiridwe antchito awo komanso luso lawo, zomwe zapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunika kwambiri pamakampani opanga magalimoto.
Zinthu zopangidwa ndi rare earth ndi gulu la zinthu zopangidwa ndi mankhwala zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zapadera zamagetsi, kuwala, komanso maginito. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi rare earth monga cerium, lanthanum, ndi neodymium (Cerium ammonium nitrate, Cerium oxide, cerium nitrate, cerium carbonate, ndi lanthanum nitrate) ndi zina mwa zinthu zopangidwa ndi rare earth zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu catalysis. Mankhwalawa amadziwika kuti amatha kuthandizira machitidwe osiyanasiyana a mankhwala ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati ma catalyst m'mafakitale. Mwachitsanzo, cerium oxide ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zothandizira catalyst, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya usungike bwino komanso kuti zinthu zowononga zisinthe kukhala zinthu zosavulaza kwenikweni. Lanthanum ndi neodymium zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupititsa patsogolo kukhazikika kwa kutentha ndi ntchito yothandiza ya ma catalyst atatuwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi rare earth m'ma catalyst awa kwapangitsa kuti pakhale kupita patsogolo kwakukulu muukadaulo wowongolera utsi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti malo akhale oyera komanso okhazikika.
Kufunika kwa zinthu za dziko lapansi zopezeka m'njira zitatu kuli m'kuthekera kwawo kokweza magwiridwe antchito onse ndi kulimba kwa machitidwe a catalyst. Pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe apadera a zinthu za dziko lapansi zopezeka m'njira zosiyanasiyana, monga malo awo okwera, mphamvu yosungira mpweya, komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha, opanga magalimoto amatha kupanga zinthu zopezeka m'njira zosiyanasiyana komanso zoteteza chilengedwe. Izi sizimangothandiza kukwaniritsa malamulo okhwima okhudza kutulutsa mpweya komanso zimachepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe kwa mpweya woipa wa magalimoto. Pamene makampani opanga magalimoto akupitilizabe kuyika patsogolo kukhazikika ndi udindo pa chilengedwe, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za dziko lapansi zopezeka m'njira zitatu kudzakhalabe gawo lofunika kwambiri paukadaulo wowongolera kutulutsa mpweya.
Pomaliza, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe zosakhala zachilengedwe m'njira zitatu kwasintha kwambiri kayendetsedwe ka utsi m'magawo a magalimoto. Makhalidwe apadera a zinthu zachilengedwe zosakhala zachilengedwe athandiza kuti pakhale njira zogwirira ntchito bwino kwambiri, zomwe zimathandiza kuti malo akhale oyera komanso athanzi. Pamene kufunikira kwa ukadaulo wa magalimoto oyera kukupitirira kukula, kufunika kwa zinthu zachilengedwe zosakhala zachilengedwe m'njira zitatu kudzangowonekera kwambiri, zomwe zikupititsa patsogolo ukadaulo wowongolera utsi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-30-2024
